Exclusive
By Raïssa Robles
This question is being asked of me ever since newspaper reports came out that Senator Vicente Sotto III denied Friday that he was the lawmaker who had inserted the libel clause in the Cybercrime Prevention Act (Republic Act 10175).
One commenter name @Anton bluntly asked me:
Senator Vicente “Tito” Sotto III denied that he was the one behind the insertion of a libel clause in the new anti-cybercrime law, at a Press Media Week forum in Cebu City Friday. So, what happened to the admission of Sotto’s chief of staff Villacorta that it was Senator Sotto who inserted libel as a ‘content-related offense’ in Republic Act No. 10175 (the Cybercrime Law)? Who’s lying again?
My answer requires a somewhat lengthy explanation. After reading it, I think you can come to the conclusion yourself whether Senator Sotto lied to journalists in Cebu.
To start, I would speculate that Senator Sotto is banking on the fact that people don’t understand how the Senate records the lawmakers’ actions almost every step of the way.
Let me first explain how a bill becomes a law in the Senate (and the House follows the same procedure).
Step One: A senator files a bill at the Senate Bills and Index Section. The bill’s title is read out on the floor and referred to the proper Senate committee for further action. This is referred to as the FIRST READING.
Step Two: The Senate committee where the bill is referred to gathers all the similar bills filed on the same subject. The committee schedules public hearings and notifies various public interest groups about the bill in question. Please note that most bills die in the committee and it is up to the committee chair to decide which bills he or she would push.
The committee chair comes up with an amended bill that takes into account the public hearings, letters and suggestions and what the chair reads in the media about the pending bill. If there are more than two bills on the same subject, the chair consolidates all these bills into one bill which is called the Committee Report. The CR is also given a new number as a Senate bill.
In the case of the Cybercrime Prevention Act, there were 15 separate Senate Bills and three Senate Resolutions filed by various senators. The committee chaired by Senator Edgardo Angara came out with a consolidated bill in Committee Report No. 30 and named this new bill SB 2796.
Step Three: The CR is again referred to the Senate plenary for deliberations. This is called the SECOND READING. During the Second Reading, any of the senators can suggest amendments or interpellate the Senate committee chair or even try to stop the bill dead in the water (as what is happening to the Reproductive Health Bill). It is up to the committee chair whether or not to accept his colleagues’ proposed amendments. The amendments can be very minor (such as a word or phrase here and there to make the meaning clearer). Or they can be very drastic such as the insertion of entirely new sections. It is this form of insertion that the public has to watch out because no more public hearing is held on such substantial amendments.
Step Four: After the Second Reading or the period of interpellation, a clean copy of the bill is prepared with all the amendments that were proposed on the floor and accepted by the committee chair. The adjusted bill still has the same Senate Bill number. The only way to distinguish it from the bill that was prepared by the Senate committee is by looking at the appended phrase “third reading version”.
Step Five: The bill goes back to the Senate plenary, but this time only for voting. This is referred to as the THIRD READING. Voting can either be viva voce (meaning, Lawmakers merely say “Aye” or “Nay” and there is no physical counting of votes. Usually, though, each senator casts a vote which is recorded next to his name.
Step Six: The bill approved on Third Reading by the Senate is now ready to be reconciled with the similar bill approved by the House also on Third Reading. The Senate assigns who will meet with their House counterparts in a BICAMERAL CONFERENCE. Through the years, it has become the practice of both chambers to introduce substantial amendments that neither chamber even included in their approved versions. This is also where the horse-trading occurs between chambers.
In the case of the Cybercrime Prevention Act, the equally controversial Section 6 was in the House version which the bicam conference committee adopted in the final version of the bill which is now a law. Here is Section 6:
SEC. 6. All crimes defined and penalized by the Revised Penal Code, as amended, and special laws, if committed by, through and with the use of information and communications technologies shall be covered by the relevant provisions of this Act: Provided, That the penalty to be imposed shall be one (1) degree higher than that provided for by the Revised Penal Code, as amended, and special laws, as the case may be.
Step Seven: The reconciled version goes back to both chambers and a final vote is held to approve or reject the law. At this point, no one in either chamber can object to any section or insert any more amendments. The only purpose is to cast the final vote.
Let’s examine what Sotto said in the light of these Seven Steps
The Cebu-based Freeman quoted Senator Sotto as claiming that it was the Senate committee that handled the bill which approved the online libel rider. Sotto told reporters that the only issue he raised was the issue of cybersquatting during the bill’s plenary discussions.
You can find this in Jojo Malig’s ABS-CBNNews piece entitled Internet Libel? It wasn’t me, Sotto says
Thanks, Jojo, for your quick reporter’s eyes.
Jojo wrote that:
A report by another regional newspaper, The Freeman, said Senator Sotto claimed that the Senate committee that handled the bill approved the online libel rider in the last quarter of 2011.
Sotto said Friday that he only raised the issue of cybersquatting in the bill’s plenary discussions.
Now let’s see what the Senate records actually state.
Yes. Senator Sotto was correct when he said he only raised the issue of cybersquatting during the plenary discussions on SECOND READING.
Page 281 of the Senate Journal of September 12, 2011 bears Senator Sotto out. Below is a screen-cap of an excerpt from that page of the Senate Journal.
However, the same Senate Journal shows that on January 24, 2012 – still during the SECOND READING – Senator Sotto introduced the online libel rider.
I understand that in Friday’s forum, Sotto did not stay around to be asked questions after his speech. If he had stayed around, he could have been asked the following question:
Senator Sotto, during the period of individual amendments on January 24, 2012 did you state the following things as recorded in the Senate Journal?
Let me tell you one important thing to remember about the Senate Journal. Every plenary session is recorded and transcribed word for word. Then a summary of what each senator stated and how the chamber acted is written in a Senate Journal. The journal always comes out the next day (except when it is a sine die session, which is when lawmakers ‘stop the clock’ to avoid adjourning.) Each senator has the power to correct any entry in the journal.
Senator Sotto, who is the Senate Rules Committee chair, did not correct this entry about him introducing the online libel rider last January 24. Therefore we can assume 100% that it is a correct reflection of what had happened.
The publication Sunstar also quoted Senator Sotto as stating in its piece Sotto on online libel law: Not mine but I’m all for it:
Sotto, who recently received criticism for allegedly plagiarizing other people’s works, denied reports he inserted the libel clause at the last minute. He said that the Senate version of Republic Act (RA) 10175, or the Cybercrime Prevention Act of 2012, was by Senator Edgardo Angara.
Except during plenary debates, Sotto said he had no participation in the crafting of the law. He added that the bill was passed at the committee level in the last quarter of 2012 [sic – this probably meant 2011], before accusations of plagiarism against him surfaced.
In the light of the seven steps of lawmaking, let’s examine what Sotto told the media in Cebu.
Sotto was correct when he said (1) he had no participation in crafting the law; (2) the Senate version was by Senator Angara ; and (3) the bill was passed at committee level long before he was accused of plagiarism.
However, again, he neglected to say that on January 24, 2012 he inserted the online libel rider.
In short, Sotto’s participation in the crafting of the Cybercrime Prevention Act consisted of
(1) interpellating on SECOND READING about cybersquatting on September 12, 2011 and
(2) inserting a midnight cut-and-paste section on online libel on January 24, 2012, which was still on SECOND READING.
Why did media fail to catch Senator Sotto’s libel rider on time?
I feel partly to blame for not catching this libel rider on time. My husband Alan had warned me about the impending bill but my attention was riveted on the impeachment trial of then Chief Justice Renato Corona.
I did try to look for any rider in the law after Senator Sotto had warned that cyberbullies had better watch out for the Cybercrime Prevention Act.
I tried to look for the latest version of the law. I read SB 2796 and it had nothing on online libel.
Now I realize on hindsight that the Senate website does not upload that version of the bill that is the product of the bicameral conference committee. This version would be the latest and final one, just before it is voted into law by Congress. It would contain all the lawmakers’ individual amendments plus the amendments inserted by the bicam committee.
I would like to suggest that from now on, both chambers of Congress disclose to the public the final bicam version of any bill before Congress’ approval, in the spirit of transparency and fair play.
Mel says
Plagiarist Senator Tito Sotto was quoted as saying “Yes, I did it. I inserted the provision on libel. Because I believe in it and I don’t think there’s any additional harm.”
Mel says
Sotto still denies till today.
Mel says
Dissecting the paragraph of inferences. fill in the gaps, if you wish.
– What Bill or reference material does this point to “On page 6, line 37”? from what document is the source? (Bill ???)
– the ‘Sponsor’, it is Senator Angara. Right? that Bill stated on the Jan. 24 Senate journal?
– “the Body approved the insertion of a new paragraph”. Who is this ‘Body’? Who composes this Body? Is Senator T Sotto part of this ‘Body’?
– By semantics and literal interpretation, Sen T Sotto may be right.
He didn’t physically or literally insert the Libel Clause or Section 4 to the Cybercrime Prevention BILL.
That Bill version they refer to. Which one? They have several versions, which Bill version. Double check your Bill docu references…
Mel says
BTW, read err re-read (decipher) the phrase used in that journal “as proposed by Senator Sotto and accepted by the Sponsor”.
‘… as proposed’, ‘… and accepted’
just at the nick of time before some publication?
Mel says
Addendum
Dissecting the paragraph of or for inferences.
Save, just at the nick of time before a sequel publication?
—
I have follow up questions if there are any takers.
Until then, good pm.
Mel says
raissa says
Thanks, Mel.
Mel says
Smile, be of good cheer. It happens…
Oct 3 na bukas. :smile:
Mel says
Johnny Lin says
Enrile is a scumbag, sleazeeguy,cabronez in the highest degree.
Faking his ambush to help Marcos declare martial rxactly defined his character. Nothing would redeem him from that obnoxios character.
Self serving memoir is not worthy of reading at all. It demeans the inquisitive knowledge of Filipino students of historical facts.
President Aquino will be doing a dissevice to all martial law victims if he attends the book launching of Enrile. He would be degrading Ninoy’s memory and heroism by sporting Enrile. His presence in book launching is like hanging the pucture of Hitler in United Nation’s hall. Aquino must not vow to political pressure. He must stay away from Enrile today.
Enrile does not deserve forgiveness from his martial law crime. Faking an ambush is a crime under our old and current laws. Reporting a false crime by calling 911 is already a felony, thus Enrile has not been punished yet on his actual fake ambush.
Cha says
@Johnny,
Looks like the President just couldn’t stay away. i just watched a video of his speech (abs-cbn news). He also couldn’t help taking a swipe at the old man and the company he keeps, it seems.
Loved the Edmund Burke quote towards the end: “When bad men combine, the good must associate, else they will fall one by one, an unpitied sacrifice in a contemptible struggle.”
Not quite a fake ambush but an ambush nonetheless.
Cha says
Just re-posting. (my earlier comment did not get through, it seems)
@Johnny,
Looks like the President just couldn’t stay away. I just watched a video of his speech at the book launching. (abs-cbn news). He also couldn’t help taking a swipe at the old man and the company he keeps, it seems.
Loved the Edmund Burke quote towards the end, “When bad men combine, The good must associate, else they will fall one by one, an unpitied sacrifice in a contemptible struggle.”
Not quite a fake ambush, but an ambush nonetheless.
jorge bernas says
@ johnny lin,
Tama ka johnny lin at nagtataka nga ako kong bakit nandoon si Pnoy, Para bang nagpapakita pa nang suporta sa senate president enrile gayong sila yong numero unong inapi nang madiklara ang Martial Law noong Sep.21,1972. Nakalimutan na kaya ni Pnoy ang nakaraan paghihirap nang Pamilya nito noon martial law…Ikinulong ang kanyang ama noon at bahagi pa nito ay ang pagpaslang kay Ninoy noong 1983 nang umuwi galing sa america.
Sinuwerte lang itong matandang enrile at nagbalimbing dahil kong hindi ay tiyak ipapaligpit din ito ni marcos sr. noon. immagine may plano pala silang iligpit si marcos sr. noon kaso nabuking kaya nagbalimbing at mabuti na lamang ay tinulungan nang mga Pari/Obispo at mga TAO kaya nagka peoples power….at Napalayas/napatalsik si marcos sr. sa hawaii…
Sinasabi ni matandang enrile na traidor si trillanes pero sa totoo lang matagal nang traidor si enrile dahil katraidoran yon sabihin mo sa publiko ang tungkol sa backdoor meeting si trillanes sa china, matagal si enrile sa DND at alam niya ang nararapat itago kaso tumatanda na at ayaw mapahiya kaya inilihis ang esturya/topic dahil ayaw umalis sa puwesto bilang senate president, laki kasi nang pakinabang diyan? Lalo na ang pakinabang galing kay GMA. Sana matoto na ang bawat Tao na pumili nang nararapat na senador sa darating na halalan. Ayoko na kasi sa TRAPOs. Higit sa lahat huwag nang ibento ang sagradong BOTO nang makapamili nang Kandidatong Maka Diyos at Maka TAO at handang maglingkod nang Totoo tulad ni yumaong Jesse Robredo….
Johnny Lin says
Enrile said during his book launching that he was also a victim of Marcos martial law bY “agreeing to be used as an instrument thru the fake ambush”. Hs son Jackie was prominently displayed as opening speaker.
Decent Filipinos must not forget and teach their children that Enrile was a partner and implementor of Martial law.
Releasing his memoir by attempting to change historical facts to his favor is another insult to martial law victims and their descendants.
Here is another reason why an Enrile should never be elected to any government position.
DO NOT VOTE FOR JACKIE ENRILE.
Pass the message thru social media to your friends and relatives.
Mel says
Johnny Lin says
“Enrile endorsed Binay”
This is good news based on Enrile’s reputation in supporting presidential candidates.
Enrile supports CORRUPT candidates only. Binay is the poster family of corrupt political mayoral family.
Enrile opposed Cory and Noynoy.
Enrile was a partner of Marcos
Enrile supported Estrada twice and Gloria Arroyo.
Mel says
Ayos,
You’ve reminded us where JPE’s endorsement is leading to.
Hopefully, he’ll keep on babbling, the antonym of his speeches are at the opposite end of the tunnel where the light rays casts a shadow before him.
Sen Trillanes has a ray of hope of being re-elected come May 2013.
Leona says
@johnny lin …if it’s launching a bamboo-rocket to China, I’ll be there!
Mel says
Sorry about this Raïssa, can you please delete this #59 comment of mine.
na-double entry. na duling ako… THANK YOU.
I hope you are feeling better now. Regards.
raissa says
Done, Mel.
Mel says
Senator Francis “Chiz” Escudero was “Asked why Senate Majority Leader Vicente “Tito” Sotto III reportedly inserted the provision on online libel, Escudero said, “’Di ko rin alam at wala akong personal knowledge kung siya nga ang naglagay doon.” (I also don’t know and I don’t have any personal knowledge if he is really the one who inserted that.)*
In the same interview, “Escudero admitted there was an oversight on his part when he approved and signed the committee report of the measure.”** He didnt’ see nor read the Libel Clause at which stage, but voted and signed it anyway.
The comedian, Senator Tito Sotto, has done a Hocus Pocus on the Cybercrime Prevention BILL. He denied inserting that Internet Libel Clause, yet in this article of RR quoting from the Senate Journal of January 24, 2012, it disproves that big lie.
What does Senator Francis “Chiz” Escudero mean when he said “Nakalusot sa amin iyon.” Ilan ang ‘amin’ Senators? Na SayChiz ang ilan pang Senators? When will they voice and come out of their closets to speak up?
Or is it ‘keep quiet’ without naming names to have peace with your Senate peers?
At least, a chiz oversight means hindi nagbabasa ng Senate Journals or bill updates before casting his vote and signing it off.
—
Mel says
* Source: http://www.rappler.com/nation/13174-senators-move-to-change-cybercrime-law
** Source: http://technology.inquirer.net/17304/anti-cybercrime-law-a-mistake-escudero
Reference:
– http://newsinfo.inquirer.net/273904/lawmakers-defend-libel-provision-in-cyber-law
– http://www.abs-cbnnews.com/nation/09/18/12/sotto-added-libel-anti-cybercrime-law
– http://www.abs-cbnnews.com/nation/09/27/12/senator-files-complaint-vs-cybercrime-act
– http://www.rappler.com/thought-leaders/13041-gagging-the-computer-user-cyber-libel-the-right-way-to-go
– see Comments #45, 37
Mel says
erra…
“… it
disproves that it was a big lie.”Cha says
@Mel,
I don’t know what’s worse, that the hugely popular Escudero basically just admitted that the senators have just helped pass into law a provision they were not aware of was there (tawag natin diyan sa tagalog, natutulog sa pansitan) or the possibility that this is all just palusot kasi nahuli sila sa akto.
Mel says
G’day @Cha
For other Senators not to know or been keep at the dark (aka bypassed) in regards to this Libel Clause insertion for the Cybercrime Prevention at BILL for amendment or bicameral phase is truly alarming.
Senator T Sotto and cohorts must be held to account. Why and where is he now? Tahimik in all these controversies.
For the Yea Senators’ excuse not to notice or unmindful is Mind bloggling. If they were deliberately with intent to be misled or blindsided is a breach of protocol, their legislative process … and downright deceptive of this rogue Senator. Not only he is the Senate Majority Leader but heads the Ethics Committee. Very unbecoming, UnSenatorial like. Least of all peers who espouses Ethiquette but lacks it.
They must have different versions of the bill passed between Congress and Senate during the amendment (readings) period. Some just lost track of the headers and document versions.
What about the third ‘House’? The Bicameral Committee, it was obvious they were not that transparent.
For sure, the Corona Impeachment Trial during those weeks could have taken some of the publicity gloss and attention of the Legislators on that Cybercrime Bill. Still, IT WAS GOOD OF SOME SENATORS (2 and counting) TO ADMIT THEIR MISTAKE. And are willing to make amends to wit.
If the other Senators concerned still play fiddle, they should ask a basic question, are they independent, objective and credible to be sitting as a Senator?
Mel says
typo
“For other Senators not to know or been
keepkept at the dark… “Cha says
@Mel,
Siguro ito ang isang halimbawa noong sinasabi ni Trillanes na style, “pag gusto ko isasagasa ko…” ? Mukhang nasagasaan sila lahat ni Sottocopier!
Mel says
Do you recall during one of Sotto’s “turno en contra” speeches. He requested that the Senate Journal be updated or corrected to wit –
As for that monumental Libel Clause err Section by midnight insertion to the Cybercrime Prevention BILL, was the document’s creation date for the Senate Journal of January 24, 2012 reflect as true and correct, and not modified days or weeks after to suit? Just asking…
filipino_mom says
tama ka, mel. ni hindi man lang binasa ulit bago pinirmahan. what does that say about them? that they cannot be bothered to read something before they sign? ilan pa ang nakalusot na ganito? laws / bills lang ba, o baka pati mga vouchers, checks and other documents that signed of taxpayers’ money towards the pockets of thieves and corrupt personalities? nakakatakot ang ganito!
Mel says
@filipino_mom.
“… what does that say about them?” Kung petty o maliit na kamalian, pupuwede pang palampasin.
Pero kung trabahong gagawa ng batas? Sukdulan sila ng katamaran at katang_han. Biro mo, sa pinirmahan nila – hindi nila gaanong naintindihan ang pang-angkop ng [Revised] Penal Code on all ‘Crimes…
A simple Smartphone with an App, hacked or not, when used as a tool to commit a crime includes breaches to the “Cybercrime Prevention Act of 2012”. Penalty? One degree higher… Whether the crime committed involves libel or not (ordering a pizza online w/o paying for it).
Based on the forum interactions, RR says even if the Libel Clause is amended and crossed (deleted) out, still Section 6 covers “All Crimes”. At the moment, Libel in the Philippines is not decriminalized (See Escudero’s Senate Bill 2162 decriminalizing libel).
andrew lim says
ON JOHNNY ENRILE’S MEMOIR
Just watched the book launching of JPE’s memoir published by ABS CBN.
I remember shaking his hand at Pepe Diokno’s wake in New Manila in March 1987. When Enrile arrived, the large group of street parliamentarians who were there – moved away, silently and swiftly. Cory Aquino had retained him as Defense Secretary. He was still months away from mounting a series of coup de etats against Cory Aquino.
Though we still have to read the book, it must be made clear that it his view of history; though Enrile really is a complex man, very intelligent and capable, he struggles within himself to do the right thing; and it is not always priniciple that motivates him in his decisions.
His stories of survival in his younger years may have taught him this lesson early on: resiliency is an end in itself, and surviving is the number one goal.
You cannot compare him to a Robredo or a Pepe Diokno; he will fall miserably short. He is first and foremost a survivor; fighting for one’s ideals is secondary.
His version of history must be challenged, for the sake of our country.
Cant wait to read the rest of the book, after getting a preview of it in the book launching.
Mel says
I was once following a garbage bin truck on another lane along a motorway, a big sign was plastered behind it.
“All we leave behind are just memories.”
This truck was on its way to the garbage tip, after sometime its contents will be recycled as good as fertilizer, or back to whence it came from.
@Andrew, you wrote, “His version of history must be challenged, for the sake of our country.”
I think Raïssa has some materials or books about some personalities during the Martial Law years of former President and deposed dictator Ferdinand Marcos.
As for JPE’s service to the dictator, I think it is fair to say that he clung to Ferdinand Marcos because of what Power offered him, he reneged at a time when that Power was about to be castritated from him.
As a politician, he did what he had to do to survive, and to live for another day.
(Any pdf version or Scribd anyone?)